{"id":278,"date":"2025-11-14T08:20:08","date_gmt":"2025-11-14T08:20:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cc.adresstaging.com\/?page_id=278"},"modified":"2025-11-21T09:50:53","modified_gmt":"2025-11-21T09:50:53","slug":"faqs","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/cc.adresstaging.com\/index.php\/faqs\/","title":{"rendered":"FAQs"},"content":{"rendered":"<section class=\"bde-section-278-100 bde-section\">\n  \n  \n\t\n\n\n\n<div class=\"section-container\"><div class=\"bde-columns-278-102 bde-columns\"><div class=\"bde-column-278-103 bde-column\">\n  \n  \n\t\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"oxy-container-225-101 oxy-container menu-header\"><h5 class=\"bde-heading-225-102 bde-heading\">\nAnti-Competitive Business Practices and Conduct<br>\n<\/h5><\/div>\n<div class=\"bde-wp-menu-278-106 bde-wp-menu\">\n\n\n      \n        \n    <nav class=\"breakdance-menu breakdance-menu--collapse breakdance-menu--vertical   \">\n    <button class=\"breakdance-menu-toggle breakdance-menu-toggle--squeeze\" type=\"button\" aria-label=\"Open Menu\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"menu-106\">\n                  <span class=\"breakdance-menu-toggle-icon\">\n            <span class=\"breakdance-menu-toggle-lines\"><\/span>\n          <\/span>\n            <\/button>\n    \n  <ul class=\"breakdance-menu-list\" id=\"menu-106\">\n              \n  \n    <li id=\"menu-item-260\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-260 breakdance-menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cc.adresstaging.com\/index.php\/anti-competitive-business-practices-and-condusct\/\" class=\"breakdance-menu-link\">Overview<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-288\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-288 breakdance-menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cc.adresstaging.com\/index.php\/prohibitions\/\" class=\"breakdance-menu-link\">Prohibitions<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-287\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-287 breakdance-menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cc.adresstaging.com\/index.php\/abuse-of-dominance\/\" class=\"breakdance-menu-link\">Abuse of Dominance<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-286\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-286 breakdance-menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cc.adresstaging.com\/index.php\/exemptions-and-exclusions\/\" class=\"breakdance-menu-link\">Exemptions and Exclusions<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-285\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-285 breakdance-menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cc.adresstaging.com\/index.php\/consequences\/\" class=\"breakdance-menu-link\">Consequences<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-284\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-284 breakdance-menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cc.adresstaging.com\/index.php\/request-for-authorization\/\" class=\"breakdance-menu-link\">Request for Authorization<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-283\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-283 breakdance-menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cc.adresstaging.com\/index.php\/what-can-i-do\/\" class=\"breakdance-menu-link\">What can I do?<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-261\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-261 breakdance-menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cc.adresstaging.com\/index.php\/file-a-competition-complaint\/\" class=\"breakdance-menu-link\">File a Competition Complaint<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-282\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-282 breakdance-menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cc.adresstaging.com\/index.php\/case-registry\/\" class=\"breakdance-menu-link\">Case Registry<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-281\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-281 breakdance-menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cc.adresstaging.com\/index.php\/acbp-statistics\/\" class=\"breakdance-menu-link\">ACBP Statistics<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-280\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-280 breakdance-menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cc.adresstaging.com\/index.php\/faqs\/\" class=\"breakdance-menu-link\">FAQs<\/a><\/li>\n\n  <\/ul>\n  <\/nav>\n\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"bde-column-278-104 bde-column\">\n  \n  \n\t\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"oxy-container-307-101 oxy-container\"><h4 class=\"bde-heading-307-102 bde-heading\">\nFrequently Asked Questions\n<\/h4><div class=\"bde-fancy-divider-307-103 bde-fancy-divider\">\n\n\n<div class=\"bde-fancy-divider__wrapper\">\n  <div class=\"bde-fancy-divider__separator   \">\n  \t  <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"bde-accordion-278-108 bde-accordion bde-accordion--pills\"><div class=\"bde-accordion__content-wrapper-278-109 bde-accordion__content-wrapper\">\n<h3 class=\"bde-accordion__title-tag\">\n  <button type=\"button\" class=\"bde-accordion__button\" id=\"accordion-button-109\" aria-controls=\"accordion-panel-109\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n     <span class=\"bde-accordion__title\" >1. Do the Regulations prohibit the Abuse of a Dominant Position?<\/span>\n     <span class=\"bde-accordion__icon bde-accordion__icon--default\"><\/span>\n     <span class=\"bde-accordion__icon bde-accordion__icon--active\"><\/span>\n  <\/button>\n<\/h3>\n\n<div role=\"region\" class=\"bde-accordion__panel\" id=\"accordion-panel-109\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-button-109\">\n    <div class=\"bde-accordion__panel-content\">\n        <div class=\"bde-text-278-111 bde-text\">\nPursuant to Article 17 (a) of the Regulations, an undertaking holds a dominant position in a market if by itself or together with an interconnected company, it occupies such a position of economic strength as will enable it to operate in the market without effective constraints from its competitors or potential competitors. Article 17(c) alludes to a \u201cdominant position\u201d as meaning the ability to influence unilaterally price or output in the Common Market or any part of it.<br><br>The Regulations under Article 18 (1) prohibits any abuse by one or more undertakings of a dominant position within the Common Market or in a substantial part of it as incompatible with the Common Market.<br><br>\n<\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<\/div><div class=\"bde-accordion__content-wrapper-278-123 bde-accordion__content-wrapper\">\n<h3 class=\"bde-accordion__title-tag\">\n  <button type=\"button\" class=\"bde-accordion__button\" id=\"accordion-button-123\" aria-controls=\"accordion-panel-123\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n     <span class=\"bde-accordion__title\" >2. What conduct amounts to an Abuse of a Dominant Position?<\/span>\n     <span class=\"bde-accordion__icon bde-accordion__icon--default\"><\/span>\n     <span class=\"bde-accordion__icon bde-accordion__icon--active\"><\/span>\n  <\/button>\n<\/h3>\n\n<div role=\"region\" class=\"bde-accordion__panel\" id=\"accordion-panel-123\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-button-123\">\n    <div class=\"bde-accordion__panel-content\">\n        <div class=\"bde-text-278-124 bde-text\">\nArticle 18 of the Regulations prohibits both exclusionary and exploitative abuse of a dominant position within the Common Market or in a substantial part of it as incompatible with the Common Market in so far as it may affect trade between Member States. Although not expressly pronounced in the Regulations, such prohibited practices include but not limited to exclusive dealing; conditional rebates; tying, bundling and multi product rebates; predation, margin squeeze, refusal to supply in the case of exclusionary conduct and excessive pricing in the case of exploitative abuses.<br><br>\n<\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<\/div><div class=\"bde-accordion__content-wrapper-278-115 bde-accordion__content-wrapper\">\n<h3 class=\"bde-accordion__title-tag\">\n  <button type=\"button\" class=\"bde-accordion__button\" id=\"accordion-button-115\" aria-controls=\"accordion-panel-115\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n     <span class=\"bde-accordion__title\" >3. How do the Regulations specifically prohibit cartel conduct?<br><\/span>\n     <span class=\"bde-accordion__icon bde-accordion__icon--default\"><\/span>\n     <span class=\"bde-accordion__icon bde-accordion__icon--active\"><\/span>\n  <\/button>\n<\/h3>\n\n<div role=\"region\" class=\"bde-accordion__panel\" id=\"accordion-panel-115\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-button-115\">\n    <div class=\"bde-accordion__panel-content\">\n        <div class=\"bde-rich-text-278-116 bde-rich-text breakdance-rich-text-styles\">\n<p>The Regulations prohibits, as incompatible with the Common Market, all agreements between undertakings, decisions by associations of undertakings and concerted practices which may affect trade between Member States and have their object or effect the prevention, restriction and distortion of competition within the Common Market. More specifically, Article 19 (3) of the Regulations prohibits the following cartel conducts:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>agreements fixing prices, which agreements hinder or prevent the sale or supply or purchase of goods or services between persons, or restrict the terms and conditions of sale or supply or purchase between persons, or restrict the terms and conditions of sale or supply or purchase between persons engaged in the sale of purchased goods or services;<\/li>\n<li>collusive tendering and bid-rigging;<\/li>\n<li>market or customer allocation agreements;<\/li>\n<li>Allocation by quota as to sales and production;<\/li>\n<li>Collective action to enforce arrangements;<\/li>\n<li>Concerted refusal to supply goods or services to a potential purchaser, to purchase goods or services from a potential supplier; or<\/li>\n<li>Collective denials of access to an arrangement or association which is crucial to competition<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<\/div><div class=\"bde-accordion__content-wrapper-278-125 bde-accordion__content-wrapper\">\n<h3 class=\"bde-accordion__title-tag\">\n  <button type=\"button\" class=\"bde-accordion__button\" id=\"accordion-button-125\" aria-controls=\"accordion-panel-125\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n     <span class=\"bde-accordion__title\" >4. What are the penalties for cartel and abuse of dominance conduct? Do the regulations impose criminal sanctions?<\/span>\n     <span class=\"bde-accordion__icon bde-accordion__icon--default\"><\/span>\n     <span class=\"bde-accordion__icon bde-accordion__icon--active\"><\/span>\n  <\/button>\n<\/h3>\n\n<div role=\"region\" class=\"bde-accordion__panel\" id=\"accordion-panel-125\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-button-125\">\n    <div class=\"bde-accordion__panel-content\">\n        <div class=\"bde-text-278-126 bde-text\">\nThe Regulations under Article 8(5) provides that any person who contravenes or fails to comply with any provision of the Regulations or any Rules made under the Regulations, or any directive or order lawfully given, or any requirement lawfully imposed, for which no penalty is provided, shall be determined to have breached the Regulations and shall be liable pursuant to that determination for a fine (in an amount to be determined by Rules) and\/or such other penalty as may be assessed.<br><br>Rule 45(2) provides that the Commission may by decision impose on undertakings or associations of undertakings fines up to 10% of annual turnover units of account, in the Common Market in the preceding business year of each of the undertakings participating in the infringement where, either intentionally or negligently they infringe parts 3 and 5 of the Regulations\u2026\u2026\u201d. This provision, therefore, applies to cartel and abuse of dominance conduct which falls under part 3 of the Regulations.<br><br>The Regulations, however, do not provide for criminal sanctions for cartels or abuse of dominance conduct.<br><br>\n<\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div><div class=\"oxy-rich-text-278-127 oxy-rich-text\">\n<p>If you are unable to find an answer to your query, please submit your\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/comesacompetition.org\/contact-us\/\">Feedback<\/a>\u00a0to let us know how we can help you.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/section>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Anti-Competitive Business Practices and Conduct Overview Prohibitions Abuse of Dominance Exemptions and Exclusions Consequences Request for Authorization What can I do? File a Competition Complaint Case Registry ACBP Statistics FAQs Frequently Asked Questions 1. Do the Regulations prohibit the Abuse of a Dominant Position? Pursuant to Article 17 (a) of the Regulations, an undertaking holds [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_oxygen_hide_in_design_set":false,"_oxygen_tags":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-278","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cc.adresstaging.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/278","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cc.adresstaging.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cc.adresstaging.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cc.adresstaging.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cc.adresstaging.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=278"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/cc.adresstaging.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/278\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":517,"href":"https:\/\/cc.adresstaging.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/278\/revisions\/517"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cc.adresstaging.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=278"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}